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Clinical manifestations of HIV infected children

Purnima Madhivanan1, S N Mothi, N Kumarasamy

  • 1YR Gaitonde Centerfor AIDS Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. info@yrcare.org

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|September 27, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Perinatal transmission is the primary cause of pediatric HIV infection in South India, with common symptoms including oral candidiasis and tuberculosis. Understanding this profile is key to reducing vertical transmission and improving child health outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Heterosexual contact drives adult HIV in India, leading to increased vertical transmission to children.
  • Pediatric HIV infection is a growing concern in India, necessitating focused research and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of HIV-infected children in South India.
  • To identify key challenges in managing pediatric HIV and inform strategies for reducing vertical transmission.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 58 HIV-infected children under 15 years managed between June 1996 and June 2000.
  • Data collection included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, physical examinations, and laboratory investigations.

Main Results:

  • Perinatal transmission accounted for 67% of HIV acquisition in the studied children.
  • Common clinical manifestations included oral candidiasis (43%), pulmonary tuberculosis (35%), and recurrent respiratory infections (26%).
  • The majority of infected children (67.2%) were male, with a mean age of 4 years.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding pediatric HIV epidemiology is crucial for developing strategies to reduce and potentially eliminate perinatal transmission.
  • Knowledge of clinical manifestations aids physicians in effectively managing HIV-infected children in this region.
Abstract

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