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Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV expression and activity in human glomerular endothelial cells
Laura Pala1, Edoardo Mannucci, Anna Pezzatini
1Department of Clinical, Pathophysiology, University of Florence, Italy
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|September 27, 2003
Summary
High glucose levels significantly increase dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) activity and expression in human kidney cells. This suggests a potential mechanism contributing to reduced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in type 2 diabetes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Nephrology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is crucial for glucose homeostasis but is inactivated by dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV).
- Reduced GLP-1 levels are observed in patients with type 2 diabetes.
- DPP-IV activity and expression in the context of high glucose require further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of high glucose on DPP-IV activity and expression in human glomerular endothelial cells.
- To determine if high glucose directly impacts purified DPP-IV enzyme activity.
Main Methods:
- Human glomerular endothelial cells were exposed to high glucose (22 mM) for two weeks.
- DPP-IV activity and mRNA expression were measured.
- Purified DPP-IV enzyme activity was assessed in the presence of high glucose in a buffer solution.
Main Results:
- High glucose exposure significantly increased DPP-IV activity and mRNA expression in glomerular endothelial cells.
- The observed increase in DPP-IV was not solely due to hyperosmolarity.
- High glucose did not affect the activity of purified DPP-IV in vitro.
Conclusions:
- High glucose conditions increase both the expression and activity of DPP-IV in human glomerular endothelial cells.
- This elevation in DPP-IV may contribute to the reduced levels of GLP-1 seen in type 2 diabetic patients.
- Targeting DPP-IV or managing high glucose could be potential therapeutic strategies.