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Related Experiment Videos

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture: local or systemic process?

Esther Lutgens1, Robert-Jan van Suylen, Birgit C Faber

  • 1Department of Pathology, P. Debeyelaan 25, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|September 27, 2003
PubMed
Summary

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Unstable plaques cause atherosclerosis complications. This review clarifies definitions of plaque instability phenotypes like rupture and hemorrhage, and explores their pathogenesis.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Pathology
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Unstable plaques are the primary cause of acute clinical sequelae in atherosclerosis.
  • Terminology for plaque instability, including vulnerable plaque, plaque rupture, fissuring, hemorrhage, and erosion, is often used inconsistently.
  • Existing literature frequently oversimplifies unstable plaque phenotypes, predominantly referring to them as plaque rupture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To precisely define true plaque rupture and differentiate it from other plaque instability phenotypes, particularly intraplaque hemorrhage.
  • To review and discuss the characteristics of animal models used to study plaque instability.
  • To elucidate the pathogenesis of plaque rupture from both local and systemic viewpoints.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Literature review focusing on definitions of plaque instability phenotypes.
  • Analysis of existing research on the pathogenesis of plaque rupture.
  • Examination of animal models for plaque instability.

Main Results:

  • The review clarifies the distinct definitions of plaque rupture, plaque fissuring, intraplaque hemorrhage, and plaque erosion.
  • It highlights the overlap and interrelation between local plaque factors and systemic patient changes in plaque rupture pathogenesis.
  • Available animal models for studying plaque instability phenotypes are discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate differentiation of unstable plaque phenotypes is crucial for understanding atherosclerosis progression.
  • Both intrinsic plaque vulnerabilities and systemic factors contribute synergistically to plaque rupture.
  • An integrated perspective on plaque rupture pathogenesis is proposed for future research and clinical application.