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Skin conditions in epileptics.

E Swart1, J D Lochner

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Tygerberg Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Epileptic adolescents, particularly females, show higher rates of acne and hirsutism. This study also found increased hand scars and leukonychia in young epilepsy patients compared to controls.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Epilepsy affects individuals across age groups, with potential implications for dermatological health.
  • Anticonvulsant medications commonly used in epilepsy management may have associated cutaneous side effects.
  • Adolescence is a period of significant physiological change, potentially interacting with epilepsy and its treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of skin and mucous membrane conditions in adolescent epileptic patients.
  • To compare dermatological findings in epileptic children and adolescents with a matched non-epileptic cohort.
  • To identify potential associations between specific anticonvulsant drugs and observed skin conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 173 epileptic patients (ages 6-19) and 211 age-matched non-epileptic controls.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Data collection included dermatological examinations and review of anticonvulsant medication usage (carbamazepine, phenytoin, barbiturates, ethosuximide).
  • Statistical analysis was performed to compare the prevalence of various skin conditions between the two groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Epileptic females exhibited significantly higher rates of acne (80.3% vs. 30.2%) and hirsutism (43.9% vs. 7.5%) compared to non-epileptic females.
    • Punctate and linear scars on the hands were more prevalent in epileptics (27.7% vs. 3.8%).
    • Leukonychia was observed more frequently in epileptics (52% vs. 28.9%), while ephelides and nevi were less common.

    Conclusions:

    • Adolescent epilepsy is associated with an increased prevalence of certain dermatological conditions, notably acne and hirsutism in females.
    • Hand scarring and leukonychia may also be more common in pediatric and adolescent populations with epilepsy.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms linking epilepsy, anticonvulsant therapy, and these dermatological manifestations.