Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

51.3K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
51.3K
Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

2.8K
When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
2.8K
Reflection of Waves01:07

Reflection of Waves

4.4K
When a wave travels from one medium to another, it gets reflected at the boundary of the second medium. A common example of this is when a person yells at a distance from a cliff and hears the echo of their voice. The sound waves (longitudinal waves) traveling in the air are reflected from the bounding cliff. Similarly, flipping one end of a string whose other end is tied to a wall causes a pulse (transverse wave) to travel through the string, which gets reflected upon reaching the wall. In...
4.4K
The Wave Nature of Light02:12

The Wave Nature of Light

60.2K
The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion.
60.2K
The de Broglie Wavelength02:32

The de Broglie Wavelength

32.6K
In the macroscopic world, objects that are large enough to be seen by the naked eye follow the rules of classical physics. A billiard ball moving on a table will behave like a particle; it will continue traveling in a straight line unless it collides with another ball, or it is acted on by some other force, such as friction. The ball has a well-defined position and velocity or well-defined momentum, p = mv, which is defined by mass m and velocity v at any given moment. This is the typical...
32.6K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

25.5K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
25.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Corneal Allograft for Near Vision Improvement in Emmetropic Presbyopia: 4-Year Safety and Efficacy Results From a Prospective European Multicenter Clinical Trial.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same author

Impact of Donor Lenticule Depth on the Outcome of Allogeneic Corneal Inlay Treatment for Presbyopia.

Cornea·2026
Same author

The influence of energy migration on luminescence kinetics parameters in upconversion nanoparticles.

Nanotechnology·2016
Same author

Rate of riboflavin diffusion from intrastromal channels before corneal crosslinking.

Journal of cataract and refractive surgery·2016
Same author

Optimizing Corneal Cross-Linking in the Treatment of Keratoconus: A Comparison of Outcomes After Standard- and High-Intensity Protocols.

Cornea·2016
Same author

Model for Optimization of the UV-A/Riboflavin Strengthening (cross-linking) of the Cornea: Percolation Threshold.

Photochemistry and photobiology·2015
Same journal

Thresholding and Calibration for Machine Learning-Based Detection of Prior Laser Vision Correction.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

A Toric Plate-Haptic Intraocular Lens Suitable for Flanged Scleral Fixation.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Refractive and Corneal Astigmatism After Implantation of a Supraciliary Drainage Device in Microinvasive Glaucoma Surgery.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Estimating Range of Vision and Optical Function Related to Pupil Size in a Spiral Intraocular Lens.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Anterior Chambers Shallower Than 2.5 mm in Eyes With Short to Normal Axial Length: Can Artificial Intelligence-Based Lens Formulas Achieve Reliable Accuracy?

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
Same journal

Patient-Reported Outcomes After Keratorefractive Lenticule Extraction Using the VISUMAX 800 Laser in a Prospective Multicenter Post-market Clinical Follow-up Study.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.8K

From scattering to wavefronts--what's in between?

Michael Mrochen1, Vladimir Semchishen

  • 1Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Michael.mrochen@greenmail.ch

Journal of Refractive Surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)
|October 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fine corneal surface irregularities after laser vision correction can cause significant optical errors not detected by standard wavefront devices. New methods are needed to identify these subtle issues and improve visual outcomes.

More Related Videos

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses
06:55

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

Published on: June 6, 2017

7.9K
Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
11:34

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
11:34

Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths

Published on: July 1, 2019

10.8K
Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses
06:55

Scanning Light Scattering Profiler SLPS Based Methodology to Quantitatively Evaluate Forward and Backward Light Scattering from Intraocular Lenses

Published on: June 6, 2017

7.9K
Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels
11:34

Controlled Synthesis and Fluorescence Tracking of Highly Uniform PolyN-isopropylacrylamide Microgels

Published on: September 8, 2016

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Optical Engineering
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Standard wavefront devices and Zernike polynomial expression may fail to detect localized, random optical errors.
  • Highly aberrated corneal surfaces and complex surface roughness can lead to light scattering, impacting vision quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate optical errors beyond Zernike expression, focusing on fine irregularities in corneal surfaces.
  • To discuss the implications of complex surface roughness and light scattering after laser vision correction.

Main Methods:

  • Characterizing fine irregularities using mathematical models including local surface tilts and correlation radius.
  • Employing the Kirchoff method of scatter analysis to model surface irregularities and light scattering.

Main Results:

  • Small, irregular corneal features (0.1-2.0 mm diameter, 10-20 µm height) can reduce the Strehl ratio below 0.8.
  • Laser ablation inhomogeneities (1-10 µm) can lead to a root mean square tilt approaching 1.0 and a Strehl ratio below 0.5.

Conclusions:

  • Corneal irregularities post-laser vision correction can cause significant optical aberrations missed by commercial devices.
  • Alternate techniques are necessary to detect and characterize these subtle surface irregularities for improved optical performance.