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Rhinitis in pre-school children: prevalence, association with allergic diseases and risk factors

D G Peroni1, G L Piacentini, L Alfonsi

  • 1Department of Paediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy. peroni.diego@tiscalinet.it

Clinical and Experimental Allergy : Journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|October 2, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Rhinitis is common in preschoolers and strongly linked to asthma and eczema. Allergic sensitization is a key risk factor, highlighting the need for early evaluation in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases
  • Environmental Health in Children

Background:

  • Rhinitis symptoms like sneezing and nasal congestion are prevalent in preschool children, distinct from common colds.
  • Understanding risk factors and associations with allergic diseases is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of rhinitis in preschool children.
  • To identify risk factors associated with rhinitis.
  • To explore the relationship between rhinitis, allergic diseases, and sensitization.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) written questionnaire (WQ) administered to parents of 3-5 year olds.
  • Randomly selected 18 nursery schools for participation.
  • Assessed allergic sensitization via skin prick tests (SPT) and analyzed data using chi2 tests.

Main Results:

  • Rhinitis prevalence was 16.8% in the past 12 months.
  • Rhinitic children showed significantly higher rates of asthma, wheezing, atopic dermatitis, and allergic sensitization.
  • Risk factors included sensitization to grass pollen and house dust mites, family history of atopy, pets, male gender, and older age.

Conclusions:

  • Rhinitis in preschoolers is significantly associated with wheezing, asthma, and atopic dermatitis.
  • Allergic sensitization is a notable risk factor for rhinitis in this age group.
  • Evaluation for allergic sensitization is recommended for preschool children presenting with rhinitis.
Abstract

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