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Simulated high altitude diving experiment for the underwater construction operation.

Shi Zhong-Yuan1, Tang Xi-Wei, Zhang Yan-Meng

  • 1Chinese Underwater Technology Institute, China. haikeyuan@263.net

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High-altitude diving requires extended compression and specific decompression tables, with surface decompression being most effective. This study ensured diver safety during simulated and real-world high-altitude operations.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Diving Medicine
  • High-Altitude Studies

Background:

  • High-altitude diving presents unique physiological challenges due to reduced atmospheric pressure.
  • Simulated dives were necessary for safe underwater operations at 4442m for a hydroelectric project.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate safe diving and decompression procedures at high altitudes (4500m and 5000m).
  • To evaluate physiological responses and optimize decompression strategies for high-altitude divers.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated dives conducted in a high-pressure chamber complex at 4500m and 5000m.
  • 15 professional divers participated in dives up to 50m depth for 30-90 minutes.
  • Physiological functions, pressurization, and decompression tables (based on Haldane's theory) were analyzed, including EEG.

Main Results:

  • Prolonged compression times prevented middle ear issues despite higher pressure differentials.
  • Decompression table C was identified as the safest, preventing decompression sickness and bubbles.
  • Surface decompression proved most suitable for high-altitude, reducing diver exposure to cold water.
  • EEG analysis showed altitude-related changes in brain activity (delta, alpha, beta waves).

Conclusions:

  • Established safe diving and decompression protocols for high-altitude environments.
  • Validated the effectiveness of the developed procedures in 272 real-world diving operations.
  • Confirmed the absence of decompression sickness and bubbles in divers following the new protocols.