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Two Flow Cytometric Approaches of NKG2D Ligand Surface Detection to Distinguish Stem Cells from Bulk Subpopulations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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Identification of a ligand for glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor constitutively expressed in

Kang-Yeol Yu1, Han Soo Kim, Si Young Song

  • 1KOMED Institute for Life Science, Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Rm 640, Anam-dong, Sungbuk-ku, Seoul, South Korea.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|October 3, 2003
PubMed

Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis receptor (GITR) has been implicated in regulation of T cell suppression by CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). We isolated a cDNA encoding GITR ligand (GITRL) from mouse endothelioma cells. When stably expressed in HEK293 cells, its specific interaction with GITR was confirmed by flow cytometry with the use of GITR-Fc. The interaction was greatly diminished by the addition of soluble GITRL. Consistent with this, soluble GITRL bound to the cell surface of the GITR-expressing HEK293 cells. Coexpression of GITR with GITRL or stimulation of the GITR-expressing cells with soluble GITRL led to activation of NF-kappaB, which was significantly reduced by anti-GITR. More importantly, GITRL was expressed by both immature and mature dendritic cells, suggesting that the interaction between GITR and GITRL may contribute to immune regulation of Tregs by dendritic cells. This isolated TNFRL represents a bona fide GITRL whose presence has been elusive until this time.

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