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Sugars and dental caries.

Riva Touger-Decker1, Cor van Loveren

  • 1University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey, School of Health Related Professions, New Jersey Dental School, Newark 07107, USA. decker@umdnj.edu

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
|October 3, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Dietary sugars significantly impact oral health, contributing to tooth demineralization. However, factors like fluoride, dairy, xylitol gum, and meal timing can mitigate caries risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral health
  • Nutrition
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Dietary sugars influence tooth integrity, saliva properties, and plaque pH.
  • Oral bacteria metabolize sugars, lowering pH and initiating tooth demineralization.
  • Numerous factors beyond sugars, including food form and oral hygiene, affect caries development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dynamic relationship between sugar consumption and oral health.
  • To identify factors influencing the dental caries process.
  • To review public health strategies for caries prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on the impact of diet on oral health.
  • Analysis of studies correlating sugar intake with dental caries.
  • Examination of preventive measures including fluoride and dietary modifications.

Main Results:

  • A direct link exists between dietary sugar intake and dental caries across all ages.
  • Fluoride introduction has reduced caries incidence globally, despite increased sugar consumption.
  • Certain dietary factors like dairy, xylitol gum, and consuming sugars with meals can reduce caries risk.

Conclusions:

  • Public health strategies for caries prevention involve balanced diets and adherence to dietary guidelines.
  • Topical fluorides and fluoridated water are key dental measures for reducing caries risk.
  • Understanding the interplay of diet, oral bacteria, and protective factors is crucial for maintaining oral health.

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