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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation (BreEStim) for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
Published on: January 10, 2013
Effective use of chemodenervation and chemical neurolysis in the management of poststroke spasticity
1Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
Abstract:
Chemodenervation with botulinum toxin (BTX) and chemical neurolysis with phenol can be used alone or in combination to effectively manage focal spasticity after a stroke. As with other treatments, these interventions must be done the right way, at the right time, in the right patient, and for the right reason. The proper use of these treatments requires careful patient assessment and realistic goals, knowledge of the peripheral functional anatomy, and an understanding of how these treatments work and how to best to administer them. This article reviews how BTX and phenol can be used in the management of poststroke spasticity.
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