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Particle density stratification in transient sedimentation.

S L Dance¹, M R Maxey

¹Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA. s.l.dance@reading.ac.uk

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|October 4, 2003

Summary

Particle velocity fluctuations in Stokes suspensions differ from theoretical predictions due to stratification. Simulations reveal that particle redistribution and stable stratification lead to decaying velocity fluctuations in bounded systems.

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Particle suspensions
Computational physics

Background:

Theoretical models for particle velocity fluctuations in Stokes suspensions do not align with experimental findings.
Stratification in bounded systems is a proposed explanation for these discrepancies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate transient Stokes sedimentation in bounded cells using numerical simulations.
To understand the impact of cell size on particle velocity fluctuations and density gradients.

Main Methods:

Numerical simulations of transient Stokes sedimentation in bounded cells with varying sizes.
Inclusion of top, bottom, and periodic horizontal boundaries.
Tracking particle number, distribution, mean velocity, velocity fluctuations, and density gradients over time.

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Main Results:

Simulations show initial adherence to classical sedimentation, followed by the development of a concentrated layer below the front.
This layer becomes unstable, leading to large-scale fluid overturning and particle redistribution.
Stable stratification forms, causing the mean velocity and fluctuations of particles to initially increase and then decay.

Conclusions:

The formation of stable stratification in bounded Stokes suspensions significantly alters particle dynamics.
Numerical simulations provide insights into the mechanisms behind observed discrepancies between theory and experiments.
The study highlights the importance of considering boundary effects and emergent stratification in particle suspension dynamics.