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Related Experiment Videos

Time-resolved double ionization with few cycle laser pulses.

F Légaré1, I V Litvinyuk, P W Dooley

  • 1National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Investigating deuterium molecules (D2), scientists measured the ultrashort lifetime of the D2+ intermediate ion, finding it to be less than 5 femtoseconds using intense laser pulses. This research aids in understanding molecular dynamics during ionization.

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Area of Science:

  • * Atomic and Molecular Physics
  • * Ultrafast Laser Science
  • * Quantum Dynamics

Background:

  • * The ionization of molecules like deuterium (D2) can create intermediate ionic states.
  • * Understanding the lifetime of these states is crucial for controlling molecular reactions.
  • * Previous studies have explored molecular ionization dynamics using various laser techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To experimentally determine the lifetime of the D2+ intermediate ion.
  • * To simulate and compare Coulomb explosion imaging of the D2 ground state wave function.
  • * To investigate the time delay between sequential ionization events in D2.

Main Methods:

  • * Utilized intense, ultrashort laser pulses (8.6 fs) to ionize D2 molecules.

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  • * Measured the kinetic energy of resulting D+ ions to infer ionization time delays.
  • * Performed simulations of Coulomb explosion imaging using a 4 fs optical pulse.

    • Main Results:

    • * The typical lifetime of the D2+ intermediate state was found to be less than 5 femtoseconds.
    • * Observed a rapid rise in intensity and falling ionization during the process.
    • * Simulated Coulomb explosion imaging results were compared with experimental data.

    Conclusions:

    • * The D2+ intermediate ion has an ultrashort lifetime under intense laser fields.
    • * Coulomb explosion imaging provides insights into molecular wave functions.
    • * The findings contribute to the understanding of ultrafast molecular dynamics.