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Constraining hadronic superfluidity with neutron star precession.

Bennett Link1

  • 1Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|October 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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The standard model of neutron star cores, featuring coexisting neutron and proton superfluids, contradicts pulsar observations. This suggests either no superfluid coexistence or a type I superconducting core, impacting cooling and glitch theories.

Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • Nuclear Physics
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Neutron stars are dense remnants of supernovae.
  • Their cores are theorized to contain neutron and proton superfluids.
  • Protons may form a Type II superconductor, influencing stellar behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reconcile theoretical models of neutron star cores with observational data.
  • To investigate the superconducting state of protons within neutron stars.
  • To understand the implications for observable phenomena like pulsar precession.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of observational data from long-period (approx. 1 year) precession in isolated pulsars.
  • Comparison of observational constraints with theoretical models of neutron star core composition and superconductivity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Theoretical modeling of superfluid and superconducting states in extreme densities.
  • Main Results:

    • The standard model of a Type II superconducting proton component is inconsistent with observed pulsar precession periods.
    • The observed precession suggests a deviation from the standard model's assumptions.
    • This inconsistency challenges the assumed structure of neutron star cores.

    Conclusions:

    • The coexistence of neutron and proton superfluids in the standard configuration may not occur in neutron star cores.
    • Alternatively, the proton core might be a Type I superconductor, not Type II.
    • These findings necessitate revisions to theories of neutron star cooling and spin-down (glitches).