Aspergillus quadrilineatus, a new causative agent of fungal sinusitis

Aspergillus quadrilineatus was found to be the etiologic agent of pansinusitis in a patient suffering from acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia and who had undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. A. quadrilineatus was cultured from biopsy specimens of the maxillary sinus, and tissue sections with fungal stains showed a necrotic area containing dichotomously branching septate hyphae, which is morphologically consistent with Aspergillus species. The patient was successfully treated with a combination of surgical debridement, granulocyte transfusions, and intravenous administration of amphotericin B-cholesterol sulfate colloidal dispersion. This is the first report of an infection caused by A. quadrilineatus.