Isolation of Brucella melitensis from aborting ruminants in Jordan
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F M Aldomy1, K L Jahans, Y H Altarazi
1Animal Health Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Amman, Jordan.
Abstract:
Thirty-four isolates (16.5 per cent) of Brucella melitensis were cultured from 206 samples from aborted, still-born or weak full-term animals and vaginal swabs from aborted animals. Twenty-six of 31 isolates from sheep were B. melitensis biovar 3. Two isolates were biovar 1 and one of these was the vaccine strain Rev 1. The three remaining isolates were from vaginal swabs and were not biotyped since B. melitensis biovar 3 had been isolated from the aborted fetuses. One of two isolates from cattle and one isolate from a goat were biovar 1. The remaining cattle isolate was biovar 3.
Insights
Brucella melitensis was identified in 16.5% of samples from livestock abortions. Brucella melitensis biovar 3 was the predominant type found in sheep and cattle, indicating a significant Brucellosis outbreak.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Animal Health
Background:
- Brucellosis is a significant zoonotic disease affecting livestock worldwide.
- Brucella melitensis is a primary cause of Brucellosis in small ruminants and can impact cattle and goats.
- Accurate identification and biotyping of Brucella isolates are crucial for effective disease control and prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of Brucella melitensis in aborted livestock.
- To identify the specific biovars of Brucella melitensis isolates.
- To understand the distribution of Brucella melitensis biovars in different animal species.
Main Methods:
- Culturing of Brucella melitensis from various clinical samples (aborted fetuses, vaginal swabs).
- Isolation and identification of Brucella species.
- Biotyping of Brucella melitensis isolates to determine specific biovars.
Main Results:
- Brucella melitensis was detected in 16.5% (34/206) of the analyzed samples.
- Brucella melitensis biovar 3 was the most prevalent biovar, isolated from sheep and cattle.
- Brucella melitensis biovar 1 was identified in isolates from sheep (including the Rev 1 vaccine strain) and goats.
Conclusions:
- Brucella melitensis is a common cause of abortion in the studied livestock population.
- Brucella melitensis biovar 3 poses a significant threat to sheep and cattle health.
- Surveillance and biotyping are essential for managing Brucellosis and differentiating field strains from vaccine strains.