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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Endobronchial cryptococcosis in AIDS
Tetsuya Kashiyama1, Akiko Kimura
1Internal Medicine, Respiratory and Critical Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohkubo Hospital, Japan. tty-ksym@fa2.so-net.ne.jp
Abstract:
Although cryptococcosis is a common thoracic complication among patients with AIDS, endobronchial abnormalities have rarely been reported. A 45-year-old man presented with a productive cough, fever, and headache. His CD4+ cell count was 7/mm3 and testing for antibodies to HIV-1 was positive. Radiological examination revealed consolidation in the left lung, including cavitation. Bronchoscopic examination demonstrated white, slightly raised, plaque-like lesions in the trachea and left bronchi. Histopathological examination of endobronchial biopsy specimens revealed granulation tissue with abundant encapsulated yeast in the tissue. Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from the bronchial lavage specimen. Cryptococcal infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of endobronchial abnormalities in patients with AIDS.
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