Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
Published on: February 11, 2022
Class III Twin Blocks: a case series
G Kidner1, A DiBiase, D DiBiase
1Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. Giles.Kidner@smh.nhs.uk
Objective:
To evaluate the use of Class III Twin Blocks for the early treatment of Class III malocclusion.
Design:
Retrospective analysis.
Subjects And Method:
14 subjects were consecutively treated with a modified version of the Class III Twin Block appliance. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at the start and end of treatment were assessed digitally.
Results:
The mean age of subjects was 10 years and mean treatment time was 6.6 months. The cephalometric analysis of changes during treatment shows proclination of the upper incisors [mean 5.1 degrees, SD 5.1], retroclination of the lower incisors [mean -4.5 degrees, SD 3.9], reduction in angle SNB [mean -1.3 degrees, SD 1.8] and an increase in the maxillary/ mandibular planes angle (mean 2.1 degrees, SD 2.2]. Average cephalometric digitizations and photographs of a clinical case are shown.
Conclusions:
Class III Twin Blocks can be used successfully for early treatment of Class III malocclusion. A randomly allocated prospective study is required to fully evaluate the efficacy of this appliance.
Related Concept Videos
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class I Agents as Sodium Channel Blockers
Class 1A Antiarrhythmic Drugs: These drugs work by moderately blocking sodium channels,...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class IV Agents as Calcium Channel Blockers
Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, inhibits calcium movement across myocardial cell membranes and vascular smooth muscle. This results in the dilation of coronary and...
Series and Parallel Inductors
For a series connection of N inductors, each carrying the same current, applying Kirchhoff's voltage law unveils a crucial relationship. Substituting the expression for...

