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Tuberculosis in children in 1992.

M H Smith1

  • 1Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans.

The Journal of the Louisiana State Medical Society : Official Organ of the Louisiana State Medical Society
|August 1, 1992
PubMed
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Pediatric tuberculosis is rising in Louisiana, particularly among minority populations. Intensive treatment and preventive measures are crucial, with BCG vaccination considered due to increasing risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) disproportionately affects minority populations, including Black children in Louisiana.
  • A notable increase in pediatric TB cases in Louisiana is becoming apparent in 1992, following a national trend since 1986.
  • Eighteen pediatric TB cases (under 20 years) were reported in Louisiana in 1991.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the increasing burden of pediatric tuberculosis in Louisiana.
  • To emphasize current diagnostic and treatment strategies for childhood TB.
  • To underscore the importance of preventive measures and consider vaccination for TB elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Diagnosis relies on contact history and the Mantoux tuberculin test.

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  • Treatment involves an intensive 6-month regimen with multiple drugs (three or four).
  • Preventive treatment for tuberculin-positive children is a key strategy.

    • Main Results:

    • Pediatric TB cases in Louisiana are increasing, with 18 reported in 1991.
    • Diagnosis in children primarily uses contact tracing and tuberculin skin testing.
    • Treatment protocols have advanced to intensive 6-month, multi-drug therapies.

    Conclusions:

    • Preventive treatment is vital for the public health goal of TB elimination by 2010.
    • The rise in pediatric TB, HIV-positive children at risk, and multi-drug resistant strains necessitates consideration of BCG vaccination.