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[Posterior reversible encephalopathy in infancy].

H A Arroyo1, L A Gañez, N Fejerman

  • 1Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Pediatria SAMIC, Prof Dr JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. hugoarroyo@arnet.com.ar

Revista De Neurologia
|October 9, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRE) in children presents with seizures, headaches, and visual changes, often linked to acute hypertension. Prompt antihypertensive treatment resolves symptoms and normalizes neuroimaging findings.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Radiology

Context:

  • Posterior reversible encephalopathy (PRE) is a clinical-radiological syndrome initially described in adults.
  • Commonly associated with arterial hypertension (AHT) and immunosuppressive therapies.
  • PRE is characterized by seizures, headache, visual disturbances, altered awareness, and neuroimaging anomalies.

Purpose:

  • To describe the clinical and radiological characteristics of PRE in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the association between AHT and PRE in children.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of PRE in a pediatric cohort.

Summary:

  • Seven pediatric patients diagnosed with PRE were analyzed.
  • All patients presented with acute arterial hypertension, predominantly associated with kidney disease.

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  • Common symptoms included vomiting, headaches, seizures, visual disorders, and decreased awareness; neuroimaging revealed asymmetric parieto-occipital and cortical-subcortical involvement.

    • Impact:

    • This study emphasizes the importance of considering PRE in pediatric patients presenting with neurological symptoms and acute hypertension.
    • Effective management of arterial hypertension is crucial for symptom resolution and normalization of neuroimaging findings.
    • Early diagnosis and treatment of PRE in children can lead to complete recovery and prevent long-term neurological sequelae.