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[Delayed-type subacute measles encephalitis].

R Caraballo1, S Monges, R Cersósimo

  • 1Servicio de Neurología, Hospital de Pediatría Prof Dr JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. rcaraballo@janssen.com.ar

Revista De Neurologia
|October 9, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Subacute measles encephalitis can occur in immunocompromised children with measles exposure, presenting with rapid neurological decline and seizures. Early consideration is crucial for diagnosis and management of this severe condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Subacute measles encephalitis (SME) is a rare complication of measles infection.
  • This study examines two pediatric cases of SME, focusing on clinical, neurological, and neuroimaging features.

Observation:

  • Two immunocompromised children presented with acute neurological compromise, consciousness deterioration, and epilepsia partialis continua.
  • Neuroimaging revealed progressive cerebral atrophy and corticosubcortical lesions.
  • EEG showed unilateral slow waves and spikes, with retinal lesions noted on fundoscopy.

Findings:

  • Measles antibodies in CSF and oligoclonal bands were detected in the patients.
  • One patient died within three months, while the other experienced severe neurological damage.

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Implications:

  • SME should be suspected in immunocompromised individuals with measles exposure exhibiting acute neurological deterioration.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are critical for improving outcomes in subacute measles encephalitis.