Monoclonal antibody technology: applications in veterinary science

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Immunology
• Animal Disease Diagnostics
• Biotechnology in Animal Health

Background:

• Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have significantly advanced animal disease research and diagnostics.
• Traditional methods for antigen and antibody detection can be limited in specificity and sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the application of monoclonal antibodies in detecting various antigens and antibodies in animal health.
• To highlight the utility of mAbs in diagnosing infectious diseases and monitoring animal health status.

Main Methods:

• Review of techniques including indirect fluorescence, in-situ hybridization, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs).
• Application of specific monoclonal antibodies for detecting pathogens like Salmonella, Chlamydia, and E. coli toxins.
• Utilizing monoclonal antibodies for antigen recognition in tissues, including biotin, viruses, and lymphokines.

Main Results:

• Demonstrated successful detection of diverse antigens (Salmonella, mastitis, viral, chlamydial, E. coli toxins) using specific monoclonal antibodies.
• Showcased monoclonal antibody-based antigen recognition in animal tissues for analytes like biotin, chicken anemia virus, clenbuterol, and gamma interferon.
• Highlighted the capability of monoclonal antibodies in measuring specific antibodies, exemplified by the chicken anemia agent.

Conclusions:

• Monoclonal antibodies provide versatile and specific tools for diagnosing a wide range of animal diseases.
• Monoclonal antibody-based ELISAs can effectively differentiate between natural infection and vaccination, as seen with Aujeszky's disease.
• The review underscores the transformative impact of monoclonal antibodies on animal health diagnostics and research.