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Psychological compensation: a theoretical framework.

L Bäckman1, R A Dixon

  • 1Section of Psychology, Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Sweden.

Psychological Bulletin
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This review integrates compensation research across sensory, cognitive, interpersonal, and brain injury domains. It proposes a general framework detailing the progression of compensatory behaviors for broader research application.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation

Background:

  • Compensation is a key concept across various psychological domains.
  • Existing research on compensation is fragmented across different areas of inquiry.
  • A unified framework is needed to integrate diverse compensation research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review literature on compensation in sensory handicaps, cognitive deficits, interpersonal losses, and brain injury.
  • To develop a general framework for understanding compensatory behavior.
  • To guide researchers by providing a process-oriented perspective.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review across four domains of psychological inquiry.
  • Conceptual integration of findings into a proposed framework.
  • Identification of underlying dimensions and stages of compensatory behavior.

Main Results:

  • Identified four key domains where compensation is studied: sensory, cognitive, interpersonal, and brain injury.
  • Proposed a framework distinguishing origins, mechanisms, forms, and consequences of compensatory behavior.
  • Highlighted the benefits of a global, process-oriented approach for researchers.

Conclusions:

  • A unified framework enhances understanding of compensatory mechanisms across diverse conditions.
  • Researchers can benefit from considering broader dimensions, process steps, outcomes, and assessment methods.
  • The proposed framework facilitates cross-domain insights and advances compensation research.

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