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Narcissism and object relations.

T Little1, P J Watson, M D Biderman

  • 1Psychology Department, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga 37403.

Psychological Reports
|December 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) measures predict self-functioning. Findings support aspects of Heinz Kohut's self-psychology, linking narcissism to self-grandiosity and interpersonal difficulties, but not a bidimensional self-structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Psychoanalytic Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Questionnaire measures of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) can predict self-functioning.
  • Heinz Kohut's psychoanalytic theory of the self offers a framework for understanding self-structure.
  • The relationship between narcissistic traits and Kohut's self-psychology requires empirical investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test whether questionnaire measures of narcissistic personality disorder predict healthy and unhealthy self-functioning.
  • To examine the association between narcissistic traits and Kohut's concept of the bipolar self.
  • To investigate the validity of Kohut's hypotheses regarding self-grandiosity and narcissism.

Main Methods:

  • A sample of 354 undergraduates completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI).
  • Canonical correlations were used to analyze the associations between NPI factors and dimensions of Kohut's bipolar self.
  • Zero-order and partial correlational analyses were conducted to examine specific hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • NPI factors were more strongly associated with grandiose than idealizing immaturities in Kohut's bipolar self.
  • Difficulties in interpersonal relationships (poor object relations) were more strongly associated with idealizing deficits.
  • Correlational data supported Kohut's hypothesis that self-grandiosity encompasses both pathology and relative mental health.

Conclusions:

  • Narcissistic personality traits are linked to specific aspects of self-functioning as conceptualized by Kohut.
  • The findings provide partial support for Kohut's self-psychology, particularly concerning self-grandiosity.
  • Canonical correlations did not support Kohut's claim of a bidimensional self-structure in narcissism.

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