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Related Experiment Videos

Alternate interferon signaling pathways.

Dhananjaya V Kalvakolanu1

  • 1Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. dkalvako@umaryland.edu

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|October 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Interferons (IFN) are antiviral cytokines crucial for immune responses. This review details established and emerging IFN signaling pathways, including how pathogens interfere with them.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Signaling

Background:

  • Interferons (IFN) were discovered over 50 years ago as antiviral cytokines.
  • IFN research is central to basic and clinical cytokine studies, revealing their diverse biological actions.
  • IFN signaling led to the discovery of Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-STAT pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review established interferon (IFN) signaling paradigms.
  • To provide insights into emerging alternate IFN signaling pathways.
  • To explore mechanisms of pathogen-induced interference with IFN signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of established and recent studies on interferon signaling.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying IFN-induced immune responses.

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  • Examination of pathogen strategies to counteract IFN pathways.

    • Main Results:

    • IFN control important tumor suppressive pathways.
    • Pathogens have evolved mechanisms to counteract IFN-induced signaling.
    • Recent research identifies new IFN-activated protein kinases (e.g., MAP kinase family) and transcription factors.

    Conclusions:

    • Interferon signaling is complex, involving both classical and novel pathways.
    • Understanding IFN signaling is critical for developing antiviral and anticancer therapies.
    • Investigating pathogen interference with IFN pathways offers therapeutic targets.