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Published on: August 14, 2019
Incidence of influenza in Finnish children
Terho Heikkinen1, Thedi Ziegler, Ville Peltola
1Departments of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Insights
Influenza significantly impacts children
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Virology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Influenza is a major cause of pediatric respiratory illness.
- Limited data exists on outpatient pediatric influenza infections.
- Understanding influenza's burden in children is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence and duration of influenza virus circulation in outpatient children.
- To assess the role of influenza in pediatric respiratory infections.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study of 1338 children under 13 years old.
- Nasal swabs collected during febrile or respiratory illness episodes.
- Viral etiology determined for all infections over 32 weeks.
Main Results:
- Overall influenza attack rate was 18.8%.
- Influenza viruses circulated from November 2000 to May 2001.
- Influenza accounted for over 5% of infections weekly during peak season, exceeding 20% at its height.
Conclusions:
- Influenza plays a significant role in pediatric acute respiratory infections.
- Influenza viruses can circulate in the community for extended periods.
- Findings are relevant even during mild influenza seasons.
Background:
Influenza is an important cause of respiratory illness in children, but data on virologically confirmed influenza infections in children treated as outpatients are limited.
Methods:
We carried out a prospective cohort study of normal children younger than 13 years (n = 1338) in the winter of 2000 to 2001. During the study period of 32 weeks, the children were examined at the study clinic whenever they had fever or signs of respiratory infection. Nasal swabs were obtained during each episode of infection for determination of the viral etiology of the illness.
Results:
The overall attack rate of influenza in the cohort was 18.8%. Influenza viruses were isolated from the children from the beginning of November 2000 through May 2001. Virtually in each week between mid-November and the end of April (a period of 24 weeks), influenza viruses accounted for at least 5% of all respiratory infections in the children. During the peak of the epidemic, the percentage of influenza-positive children exceeded 20%.
Conclusions:
This study confirms the important role of influenza as a cause of acute respiratory infections in children, even in winters of mild or moderate influenza activity. The study also shows that influenza viruses may circulate in the community at substantial levels much longer than previously thought.
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