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Babesia odocoilei infection in elk
Laurie L Gallatin1, Armando R Irizarry-Rovira, Matthew L Renninger
1Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
|October 14, 2003
Summary
Babesia odocoilei, a protozoal hemoparasite, caused fatal hemolytic anemia in North American elk. This study found 58% of a commercial herd infected, highlighting the need for awareness in elk farming.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Parasitology
- Wildlife Disease Ecology
Background:
- Commercial elk farming is increasing in popularity.
- Protozoal hemoparasites can cause significant morbidity and mortality in cervid populations.
Observation:
- Two male North American elk presented with acute lethargy, anorexia, and red urine.
- These elk were housed with others that had recently died, suggesting a transmissible disease.
Findings:
- Laboratory analyses confirmed intraerythrocytic parasites consistent with Babesia odocoilei.
- Screening of the herd revealed a 58% infection rate (34 out of 59 elk) with B. odocoilei.
- Babesia odocoilei infection was identified as a cause of fatal hemolytic anemia in this elk herd.
Implications:
- Babesia odocoilei infection is a significant threat to elk health in commercial farming settings.
- Veterinary practitioners require familiarity with B. odocoilei to diagnose and manage cases of acute hemolytic anemia and sudden death in elk.
- Early detection and management strategies are crucial for controlling B. odocoilei outbreaks in farmed elk populations.