Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 30, 2026

A Swine Burn Model for Investigating the Healing Process in Multiple Depth Burn Wounds
Published on: February 23, 2024
[Changes in proinflammatory cytokines and immune function of subeschar tissue fluid during early stage after severe
Xin-zhou Rong1, Qing-hui Li, Xiao-hua Huang
1Department of Burns, First Municipal People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510180, Guangdong, China.
Objective:
To evaluate the inflammatory response and immune function of subeschar tissue fluid (STF) in early stage of severe burn.
Methods:
Eight patients were observed and samples from blood as well as STF were collected at 16, 24, 32, 40, 48 hours following burn to measure white blood cell (WBC) counts, levels of immunoglobin (IgA, IgG, IgM), complement (C3, C4) values as well as proinflammatory cytokines as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6(IL-6) and IL-8. In addition, twenty Balb-c mice were used for the lethal experiment by STF collected at 48 hours after burn.
Results:
The levels of IgA, IgG, IgM in STF were about half of those in the blood samples (all P<0.01). The WBC counts in STF were 1/100 time of that in the blood (all P<0.01). The contents of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-8 in STF were comparable with those in the blood (P>0.05). Following STF challenge, none of the mice died during 7-day observation period.
Conclusion:
The cells and large molecules seems to be more difficult to enter STF compared with small molecules. No marked local inflammatory response occurs in STF during early stage of severe burn, and STF challenge has no lethal effect. The low WBC counts and low immunoglobin as well as complement levels imply the limited effect of STF on local infection, and effective antibiotics should be timely used after major burn.
Related Concept Videos
Acute Inflammation III: Local and Systemic Effects
Inflammatory Response
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction
Inflammation
Inflammatory Response II: Inflammatory Exudate and Tissue Repair
The typical wound exudate is odorless, transparent, straw-colored, thin, and watery. Exudate, however, can differ depending on the state of wound healing. Likewise, the exudate's...
