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Mumps encephalomyelitis
K K Tan1, W D Manickam, M J Cardosa
1Paediatric Unit, General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia.
Abstract:
A 7-year-old Indian girl developed complete paralysis of her lower limbs and acute urinary retention 10 days after suffering from mumps. Encephalomyelitis due to mumps was not suspected initially since it is a rare complication of mumps, although relatively well-documented. However, the preceding history of parotitis and the presence of mumps-specific IgM in both blood and cerebrospinal fluid led to the diagnosis. The initially severe acute neurological deficits resolved completely three months after onset of her illness. Serological investigations were helpful in diagnosing neurological complications of mumps in this case, and especially where there is no preceding parotitis.
Insights
Mumps can cause rare but severe neurological complications like paralysis. Early diagnosis using serological tests is crucial for recovery, even without typical mumps symptoms.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Mumps is a viral illness typically causing parotitis.
- Neurological complications of mumps, such as encephalomyelitis, are rare but documented.
- Prompt diagnosis and management are essential for favorable outcomes.
Observation:
- A 7-year-old girl presented with lower limb paralysis and urinary retention post-mumps.
- Initial diagnosis did not suspect mumps encephalomyelitis due to its rarity.
- Mumps-specific IgM antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the diagnosis.
Findings:
- The patient experienced severe acute neurological deficits following mumps.
- Complete neurological recovery was observed within three months.
- Serological testing proved vital for diagnosing neurological mumps complications.
Implications:
- Highlights the importance of considering mumps as a cause of neurological deficits, even without parotitis.
- Emphasizes the utility of serological investigations in diagnosing rare neurological complications of viral infections.
- Suggests that timely diagnosis and supportive care can lead to full recovery from mumps-induced neurological damage.