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Blood pressure and cognitive functioning among independent elderly.
Esther Paran1, Ofra Anson, Haim Reuveni
1Hypertension Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
American Journal of Hypertension
|October 14, 2003
Summary
Low blood pressure (BP) was linked to poorer cognitive function in older adults. Mild hypertension, however, seemed to boost cognitive performance, suggesting complex BP-cognition relationships.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Neurology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Blood pressure control benefits in the elderly are known, but its cognitive effects remain debated.
- Hypertension's impact on cognitive function in older adults requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between blood pressure (BP) and cognitive performance in the elderly.
- To determine if BP differentially affects various cognitive domains.
- To explore nonlinear associations between BP and cognitive scores.
Main Methods:
- 495 community-dwelling older adults (70-85 years) completed 8 cognitive tests.
- Cognitive performance analyzed by BP groups (normotensive, treated/untreated hypertensive) and continuous BP variables.
- Linear, U-curve, and J-curve associations were estimated.
Main Results:
- Normotensives performed worst on most cognitive tests; uncontrolled hypertensives scored highest.
- MMSE and a concentration task showed linear BP association.
- Memory and visual retention exhibited a J-curve association with BP; prolonged concentration related to pulse pressure.
Conclusions:
- Low blood pressure correlated with diminished cognitive performance in this elderly cohort.
- Mild hypertension may enhance cognitive functioning in older adults.
- BP-cognition relationships vary across different cognitive domains.