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Does nitrogen dioxide exposure increase airways responsiveness?

L J Folinsbee1

  • 1Clinical Research Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711.

Toxicology and Industrial Health
|September 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) can increase airways responsiveness (AR) in both healthy individuals and asthmatics. Exercise during NO2 exposure may alter this effect in asthmatic patients.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Growing evidence suggests a link between nitrogen dioxide (NO2) exposure and increased airways responsiveness (AR).
  • Asthma and respiratory health are significant public health concerns, necessitating research into environmental triggers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To meta-analyze existing studies to determine if NO2 exposure increases AR in asthmatic and healthy subjects.
  • To investigate the influence of NO2 concentration and exercise during exposure on AR.

Main Methods:

  • A meta-analysis was conducted on 25 studies (20 asthma, 5 healthy) with individual subject data on NO2 exposure and AR.
  • Individual data were analyzed to determine the direction of change in AR post-exposure.
  • Data were stratified by NO2 concentration and the presence or absence of exercise during exposure.

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Main Results:

  • Overall, 60% of asthmatic subjects showed increased AR, primarily during resting exposures (70%).
  • Healthy subjects exhibited increased AR at NO2 concentrations exceeding 1.0 ppm.
  • Exercise during NO2 exposure appeared to modify the response in asthmatic subjects.

Conclusions:

  • Nitrogen dioxide exposure is associated with increased airway responsiveness in both healthy and asthmatic individuals.
  • The impact of NO2 on AR may differ based on exposure concentration and the inclusion of exercise.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate the mechanisms and modifying factors of NO2-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.