Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Testing for Assessment of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders
06:39

Intracoronary Acetylcholine Provocation Testing for Assessment of Coronary Vasomotor Disorders

Published on: August 18, 2016

Plasma endothelin-1 in patients with stable or unstable angina

Izabela Zuk-Popiołek1, Zbigniew Flak, Tomasz Francuz

  • 1III Department of Cardiology, Silesian Medical Academy, Katowice, Poland.

Kardiologia Polska
|October 14, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the coronary sinus, but not peripheral blood, is linked to unstable angina in multi-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD). This suggests ET-1 plays a role in CAD and may be a target for future treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Biochemistry
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Elevated endothelin-1 (ET-1) is associated with increased risk of coronary events and coronary artery disease (CAD).
  • Previous studies on ET-1 levels in angina patients yielded inconclusive results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ET-1 blood concentration in the coronary sinus and peripheral vein with clinical symptoms in multi-vessel CAD patients.
  • To compare ET-1 levels between patients with stable and unstable angina.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 23 multi-vessel CAD patients (11 unstable angina, 12 stable angina), matched for age, gender, and risk factors.
  • Collected blood samples from the coronary sinus and femoral vein during coronary angiography.
  • Measured ET-1 levels using an immunoenzymatic method.

Main Results:

  • Peripheral venous ET-1 levels were similar in both unstable and stable angina groups (0.45+/-0.18 pmol/L vs. 0.46+/-0.14 pmol/L).
  • Coronary sinus ET-1 levels were significantly higher in unstable angina patients compared to stable angina patients (1.44+/-0.47 pmol/L vs. 0.34+/-0.17 pmol/L, p<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Coronary sinus ET-1 concentration is significantly elevated in unstable angina patients, supporting ET-1's role in CAD pathogenesis.
  • These findings suggest endothelin receptor blockers could be a future therapeutic option for unstable angina.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty10:03

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty

Published on: January 28, 2020

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function10:28

Interventional Diagnostic Procedure: A Practical Guide for the Assessment of Coronary Vascular Function

Published on: March 15, 2022

Related Concept Videos

Angina II: Classification01:27

Angina II: Classification

Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is a chest pain resulting from diminished blood flow to the heart muscle and is often a symptom of coronary artery disease. Angina presents several variants with distinctive attributes, etiologies, and therapeutic approaches. The main types of angina include stable, unstable, variant (Prinzmetal's), microvascular, intractable, and silent ischemia.Stable angina is caused by atherosclerosis, which leads to the formation of plaques that narrow the coronary...
Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment01:29

Angina III: Clinical Manifestations and Assessment

Angina manifests as chest pain, tightness, or squeezing discomfort typically located behind the breastbone. It can radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulders, and inner aspects of the upper arms, most commonly the left arm. Patients may experience shortness of breath, fatigue, profuse sweating, dizziness, indigestion, heartburn, palpitations, anxiety, and vomiting as accompanying symptoms. This pain often lasts a few minutes and is triggered by physical exertion, emotional stress, heavy meals, or cold...
Angina IV: Management01:26

Angina IV: Management

IntroductionThe management of angina requires a comprehensive approach that includes pharmacological therapies, medical procedures, and lifestyle modifications.Pharmacological TherapiesAntiplatelet agents, such as aspirin, clopidogrel, prasugrel, and ticagrelor, play a pivotal role in preventing thrombus formation in patients with angina. These medications inhibit platelet aggregation and reduce the likelihood of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular events.Anticoagulants, including...
Angina V: Nursing Management01:20

Angina V: Nursing Management

Angina, a symptom of myocardial ischemia, requires a structured nursing management approach to ensure effective care and prevent complications like myocardial infarction. Comprehensive nursing care involves assessing, diagnosing, planning, implementing interventions, and evaluating outcomes, all tailored to the individual patient's needs.Patient AssessmentNursing assessment begins with a detailed subjective evaluation of symptoms, which typically include chest pain or pressure radiating to the...
Angina I: Introduction01:30

Angina I: Introduction

Definition and Symptoms: Angina (angina pectoris) is chest pain or discomfort caused by myocardial ischemia, which occurs when the heart muscle receives insufficient oxygen-rich blood. It typically manifests as pressing, squeezing, or crushing sensations in the chest and may radiate to the shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or back.Primary Cause: In a healthy state, the coronary arteries can dilate (widen) to increase blood flow and meet the increased oxygen demand during physical activity or...
Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...