Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Formal Charges02:42

Formal Charges

40.6K
In some cases, there are seemingly more than one valid Lewis structures for molecules and polyatomic ions. The concept of formal charges can be used to help predict the most appropriate Lewis structure when more than one reasonable structure exists.
40.6K
Ions and Ionic Charges03:27

Ions and Ionic Charges

79.2K
In ordinary chemical reactions, the nucleus — which contains the protons and neutrons of each atom and thus identifies the element — remains unchanged. Electrons, however, can be added to atoms by transfer from other atoms, lost by transfer to other atoms, or shared with other atoms. The transfer and sharing of electrons among atoms govern the chemistry of the elements. During the formation of some compounds, atoms gain or lose electrons to form electrically charged particles called...
79.2K
Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge03:08

Atomic Radii and Effective Nuclear Charge

62.2K
The elements in groups of the periodic table exhibit similar chemical behavior. This similarity occurs because the members of a group have the same number and distribution of electrons in their valence shells.
62.2K
Electric Charges01:11

Electric Charges

23.0K
From lightning during thunderstorms to electronic devices, the phenomenon of electromagnetism is all around us. The electromagnetic force is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. It has been known to humanity in various forms for thousands of years. For example, the ancient Greek philosopher Thales of Miletus recorded his experiments on static electricity using amber and fur in the sixth century BC.
The English physicist William Gilbert studied the phenomenon of static electricity in...
23.0K
Charge on a Conductor01:26

Charge on a Conductor

5.4K
An interesting property of a conductor in static equilibrium is that extra charges on the conductor end up on its outer surface, regardless of where they originate. Consider a hollow metallic conductor with a uniform surface charge density. Since the conductor itself is in electrostatic equilibrium, there should not be any electric field inside the conductor. Now, assume a Gaussian surface enclosing the hollow portion. Applying Gauss's law, the inner surface of the hollow conductor will not...
5.4K
Charge and Current01:14

Charge and Current

5.8K
Electric charge is the most fundamental quantity in an electric circuit. The effects of electric charge are encountered daily, such as when a wool sweater sticks to the human body or when a person receives a shock while walking on a carpet.
Charge is an inherent property of the atomic particles that make up matter and is measured in units called coulombs (C). Matter is composed of atoms, each consisting of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Electrons have a negative charge (-e), while protons...
5.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessing the treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by deuterium metabolic imaging: a preclinical study.

Magma (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

A transpupillary approach for crosslinking Guinea pig sclera using WST11 and near-infrared light.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Chiral Semibuckminsterfullerene: Synthesis, Resolution, and Chiroptical Properties.

Organic letters·2025
Same author

Synergistic Efficacy of WST11-VTP and P-Selectin-Targeted Nanotherapy in a Preclinical Prostate Cancer Model.

Cancers·2025
Same author

Selectivity and anti-tumor immune elevation by vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy of mouse orthotopic bladder cancer model.

Photochemistry and photobiology·2025
Same author

Proteomics Reveals Mechanisms of Delayed Keratoconus Progression: A Study of Corneas Following Two Light-Activated Crosslinking Treatments.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs
09:09

Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs

Published on: January 10, 2019

8.3K

An experimental look into subelectron charge flow.

Roie Yerushalmi1, Kim K Baldridge, Avigdor Scherz

  • 1Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 16, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers experimentally monitored fragmental charge flow between metal centers and bound molecules. This provides a novel method for measuring electronic chemical potential and hardness in complex chemical systems.

More Related Videos

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage
07:57

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage

Published on: April 23, 2017

6.6K
A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

11.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 8, 2026

Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs
09:09

Safe Experimentation in Optical Levitation of Charged Droplets Using Remote Labs

Published on: January 10, 2019

8.3K
An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage
07:57

An Experimental and Finite Element Protocol to Investigate the Transport of Neutral and Charged Solutes across Articular Cartilage

Published on: April 23, 2017

6.6K
A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
09:49

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

11.0K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Chemical Physics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Predicting charge distribution in complex chemical systems is a significant challenge.
  • Existing theoretical models lack direct experimental validation for fundamental properties like electronic chemical potential and hardness.
  • Atomic charges are not directly observable quantum mechanical properties, necessitating reliance on experimental data interpretation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a novel experimental system for the quantitative measurement of charge distribution.
  • To provide a direct experimental method for probing electronic chemical potential and hardness of molecular fragments.
  • To establish a model system for studying interactions between chemical entities in complex environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a chelated metal center and reversibly bound molecules as a model system.
  • Developed techniques for the accurate experimental monitoring of fragmental charge flow.
  • Interpreted experimental observables to derive information on charge distribution and related properties.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated, for the first time, the experimental monitoring of fragmental charge flow.
  • Achieved accurate measurement of charge distribution between a metal center and bound molecules.
  • Provided a quantitative experimental approach to fundamental chemical properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed experimental system offers a breakthrough in measuring charge distribution.
  • This work paves the way for direct experimental determination of electronic chemical potential and hardness.
  • The findings have significant implications for understanding chemical interactions and designing new materials.