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Pulsatile perfusion and cardiomyocyte viability in a solid three-dimensional matrix.

T Kofidis1, A Lenz, J Boublik

  • 1Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. tkofidis@stanford.edu

Biomaterials
|October 16, 2003
PubMed
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Tissue engineering of myocardial grafts faces challenges with cell survival. A novel pulsatile perfusion system significantly enhances cell viability and metabolism in 3D tissue cultures, improving graft generation.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Cellular viability in engineered 3D myocardial grafts is limited by unperfused in vitro systems.
  • Tissue engineering aims to create functional myocardial tissue for transplantation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate a novel concept of pulsatile tissue culture perfusion.
  • To enhance cellular viability and metabolism in three-dimensional myocardial tissue engineering.

Main Methods:

  • A novel bioreactor was developed to establish pulsatile flow in a 3D tissue culture.
  • Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were inoculated in a fibrin glue matrix.
  • Fluor-Deoxy-Glucose-Positron-Emission-Tomography (FDG-PET) and life/dead assays assessed cell viability and glucose uptake.

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Main Results:

  • An 8 mm thick myocardial structure was successfully fabricated.
  • Significantly increased cellular viability was observed in perfused chambers compared to unperfused controls.
  • FDG-PET demonstrated enhanced metabolic activity in perfused tissue, with observed centripetal migration of cardiomyocytes.

Conclusions:

  • The pulsatile perfusion concept effectively enhances cellular viability and metabolism in 3D tissue culture.
  • This method holds potential for various co-culture systems and the generation of viable tissue grafts.
  • Improved cell survival is crucial for the clinical translation of engineered cardiac tissues.