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Apneic seizures in infants: role of continuous EEG monitoring

S Hosain1, M La Vega-Talbott, G Solomon

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. sahosain@med.cornell.edu

Clinical EEG (Electroencephalography)
|October 17, 2003
PubMed

Insights

Pure apneic seizures in children are rare but can be diagnosed with continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring. This method is crucial for confirming the diagnosis and guiding treatment for these specific seizure types.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Epileptology

Background:

  • Respiratory compromise is a known complication of epileptic seizures.
  • Pure apneic seizures, characterized by a complete cessation of breathing during a seizure, are infrequent in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diagnostic utility of continuous electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring in children presenting with pure apneic seizures.
  • To highlight the importance of EEG in differentiating apneic seizures from other causes of apnea in children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 10 pediatric patients admitted for apneic events.
  • Inclusion of patients where seizures were a diagnostic consideration.
  • Performance of continuous 24-72 hour electroencephalogram (EEG) monitoring for all participants.
  • Correlation of ictal EEG findings with observed apneic episodes.

Main Results:

  • Six patients exhibited nonspecific EEG findings without clear correlation to events.
  • Continuous EEG monitoring demonstrated a high correlation between ictal discharges and apneic episodes in the studied children.
  • The diagnosis of apneic seizures was confirmed in these patients through ictal EEG.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous EEG monitoring is essential for the accurate diagnosis of pure apneic seizures in children.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis through EEG facilitates appropriate treatment strategies for pediatric apneic seizures.

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