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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Isolation of Primary Mouse Hepatocytes for Nascent Protein Synthesis Analysis by Non-radioactive L-azidohomoalanine Labeling Method
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Raptor and mTOR: subunits of a nutrient-sensitive complex.

D H Kim1, D M Sabatini

  • 1Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Nine Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology
|October 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A novel protein, regulatory associated protein of mTOR (raptor), is essential for the nutrient-sensing mTOR pathway. Raptor regulates cell growth by associating with mTOR and mediating nutrient-dependent activation of S6K1.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is a central regulator of cellular growth, responding to nutrient and hormonal cues.
  • mTOR is the target of the FKBP12-rapamycin complex and plays a critical role in controlling cell size and proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel components of the mTOR pathway.
  • To elucidate the role of a newly discovered protein, raptor, in mTOR signaling and nutrient sensing.

Main Methods:

  • Protein interaction studies to identify novel mTOR-binding partners.
  • Analysis of raptor's function in nutrient-mediated activation of downstream effectors.
  • Investigation of raptor's role in regulating mTOR kinase activity under different nutrient conditions.

Main Results:

  • A novel, evolutionarily conserved protein named raptor (regulatory associated protein of mTOR) was identified and found to interact with mTOR.
  • Raptor is required for nutrient-mediated activation of S6K1, a key downstream effector of mTOR, and for increases in cell size.
  • Under nutrient-repressed conditions, raptor's association with mTOR is enhanced, leading to decreased mTOR kinase activity.

Conclusions:

  • Raptor is a critical regulatory component of the mTOR pathway, linking nutrient availability to cellular growth.
  • The interaction between raptor and mTOR is dynamic and crucial for modulating mTOR kinase activity in response to nutrient levels.
  • Raptor's function highlights a key mechanism by which cells adapt their growth in response to environmental cues.