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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Visualization of Endosome Dynamics in Living Nerve Terminals with Four-dimensional Fluorescence Imaging
Published on: April 16, 2014
4D imaging to assay complex dynamics in live specimens
Daniel Gerlich1, Jan Ellenberg
1Gene Expression and Cell Biology/Biophysics Programmes, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
Abstract:
A full understanding of cellular dynamics is often difficult to obtain from time-lapse microscopy of single optical sections. New microscopes and image-processing software are now making it possible to rapidly record three-dimensional images over time. This four-dimensional imaging allows precise quantitative analysis and enhances visual exploration of data by allowing cellular structures to be interactively displayed from many angles. It has become a key tool for understanding the complex organization of biological processes in live specimens.
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