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Gender differences in small intestinal endothelial function: inhibitory role of androgens
Zheng F Ba1, Yukihiro Yokoyama, Balazs Toth
1Center for Surgical Research and Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 35294-0019, USA.
Summary
Androgens inhibit small intestinal endothelial function in male rats, impairing nitric oxide release. This function can be improved by reducing androgens or administering estrogen.
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Endocrinology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Gender disparities in cardiovascular endothelial function are known.
- Limited information exists regarding sex differences in small intestinal endothelial function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate gender-based differences in rat small intestinal endothelial function.
- To determine the roles of androgens and 17beta-estradiol (E2) in regulating this function.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an isolated small intestinal perfusion model in male rats, female rats, castrated male rats, and E2-treated male rats.
- Assessed endothelial function via acetylcholine (ACh)- and nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced perfusion pressure changes.
- Measured nitric oxide (NO) production indirectly and intestinal tissue NO levels; correlated hormone levels with endothelial responses.
Main Results:
- ACh-induced vasodilation and NO production were significantly higher in females, castrated males, and E2-treated males compared to intact males.
- Lower plasma androgen levels correlated positively with improved endothelial function.
- Estrogen (E2) treatment in males partially restored endothelial function.
Conclusions:
- Androgens exert an inhibitory effect on small intestinal endothelial function.
- Reducing androgen levels or administering E2 can modulate and improve male small intestinal vascular properties.