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Solvent-free electrolytes with aqueous solution-like conductivities.

Wu Xu1, C Austen Angell

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Liquid electrolytes without solvents can match the conductivity of aqueous solutions. These novel proton transfer salts offer high ionicity and fluidity, making them suitable for fuel cell applications.

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Aqueous solutions are traditionally considered optimal electrolytic conductors due to water's properties.
  • The limitations of aqueous electrolytes in certain applications necessitate exploration of alternatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the conductivity of solvent-free liquid electrolytes.
  • To demonstrate that these electrolytes can match or exceed the performance of aqueous solutions.
  • To assess their potential as fuel cell electrolytes.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of proton transfer salts liquid at ambient temperature.
  • Measurement of ionic conductivity at various temperatures.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to high conductivity, including fluidity and ionicity.

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Main Results:

  • Solvent-free proton transfer salts exhibit conductivities comparable to aqueous solutions.
  • Conductivities exceeding 150 mS/cm at 25°C and 470 mS/cm at 100°C were measured.
  • High conductivity is attributed to high fluidity and ionicity, with proton contribution in specific cases.

Conclusions:

  • Liquid electrolytes composed of proton transfer salts offer a viable alternative to aqueous electrolytes.
  • These electrolytes possess desirable properties for fuel cell applications, including high conductivity and low vapor pressure.
  • Further research into proton transfer salts could advance electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies.