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Related Experiment Videos

Oxidative stress in uremia.

Jonathan Himmelfarb1, Raymond M Hakim

  • 1Division of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA. himmej@mmc.org

Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension
|October 18, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Patients with uremia experience increased oxidative stress, linked to cardiovascular risks. Antioxidant therapy shows promise, but large trials are needed to confirm its effectiveness in reducing cardiovascular events.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Biochemistry
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Oxidative stress is an imbalance favoring pro-oxidants, potentially causing damage.
  • Uremic patients often have increased oxidative stress due to renal function loss and dialysis.
  • This review examines oxidative stress in uremia, its links to dialysis, inflammation, malnutrition, and cardiovascular outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biochemical evidence of increased oxidative stress in uremic patients.
  • To explore the relationship between oxidative stress and renal replacement therapy.
  • To investigate potential links to inflammation, malnutrition, and cardiovascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Review of emerging biochemical evidence and in-vivo biomarkers.

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  • Analysis of studies linking oxidative stress to endothelial dysfunction and inflammation.
  • Examination of uremia-associated metabolic abnormalities and dialysis-related factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Increased oxidative stress is evident in uremic patients, confirmed by in-vivo biomarkers.
    • Links exist between oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, and cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients.
    • Factors like hyperhomocysteinemia, iron exposure, and dialysis biocompatibility may worsen oxidative stress.

    Conclusions:

    • Increased oxidative stress in uremia suggests antioxidant therapy may reduce cardiovascular complications.
    • Pilot studies indicate potential efficacy of antioxidant therapy.
    • Large-scale randomized trials are necessary to establish evidence-based antioxidant use in uremia.