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Reference serum biochemical values for emus and ostriches.

G Okotie-Eboh1, C A Bailey, K D Hicks

  • 1Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843.

American Journal of Veterinary Research
|October 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Reference serum biochemical values were established for emus and ostriches. Age and species significantly influenced analyte concentrations, with ostriches showing more age-related changes than emus.

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Area of Science:

  • Comparative physiology
  • Avian medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Establishing species-specific reference ranges for serum biochemical values is crucial for accurate health assessments in avian species.
  • Limited data exists on the influence of age and sex on serum biochemistry in large ratites like emus and ostriches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine reference serum biochemical values for emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae) and ostriches (Struthio camelus).
  • To investigate the effects of age and sex on these biochemical parameters in both species.
  • To identify potential species-specific differences in serum analyte concentrations.

Main Methods:

  • Serum samples were collected from 15 male, 18 female, and 4 unsexed emus (1-48 months) and 19 male, 26 female, and 4 unsexed ostriches (1-60 months).

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  • Parametric (mean ± 2 SD) and non-parametric (5th-95th percentile) reference ranges were calculated.
  • Linear regression analysis was used to assess age-related trends for various analytes, including glucose, BUN, uric acid, creatinine, triglycerides, cholesterol, total protein, albumin, and enzyme activities.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant species differences were observed for most analytes, with higher creatine kinase in ostriches compared to emus.
    • In emus, age and sex did not significantly affect serum biochemical values.
    • In ostriches, analyte values generally increased with age, although cholesterol, creatine kinase, inorganic phosphate, and alkaline phosphatase decreased with age. Age had a more pronounced effect on female ostriches than males.

    Conclusions:

    • Reference ranges for serum biochemistry in emus and ostriches were established, highlighting significant species-specific variations.
    • Age influences serum biochemical parameters in ostriches, particularly in females, while emus show minimal age-related changes.
    • These findings provide essential data for the clinical management and health monitoring of these large avian species.