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Executive dyscontrol in normal aging: normative data, factor structure, and clinical correlates.

Donald R Royall1, Laura K Chiodo, Marsha J Polk

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78284, USA. royall@uthscsa.edu

Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|October 21, 2003
PubMed
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Simple bedside executive tests effectively identify functional decline in older adults, aiding dementia screening. More complex tests, like the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, showed weaker links to disability.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Frontal system dysfunction is common in old age.
  • The clinical significance of these executive impairments requires further study.
  • Understanding executive function is crucial for assessing cognitive health in elderly populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the factor structure of executive function measures in well elderly subjects.
  • To determine the association between executive function factors and functional status.
  • To identify executive measures most relevant for dementia screening and case finding.

Main Methods:

  • Factor analysis was used to analyze data from a sample of well elderly subjects.
  • Multiple executive function tests were administered.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Functional status was assessed using various measures.

    • Main Results:

    • Three stable factors of executive function emerged from the analysis.
    • One factor, comprising simple bedside executive measures, was significantly associated with functional status.
    • A second factor, dominated by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task, showed a weak association with disability.

    Conclusions:

    • Certain executive measures, particularly simple bedside tests, are more relevant to functional outcomes in the elderly.
    • These findings suggest that specific executive measures may be more useful for dementia screening and case finding.
    • Associations between executive function and functional status should be interpreted cautiously, considering the specific measures and brain regions involved.