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[Rathke's cleft cyst].

F Bonneville1, F Cattin, J-F Bonneville

  • 1Fédération de Neuroradiologie, Bâtiment Babinski, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. fabrice.bonneville@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr

Journal of Neuroradiology = Journal De Neuroradiologie
|October 21, 2003
PubMed
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Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are common sellar lesions. Diagnosis relies on MRI, with asymptomatic cases managed by observation and symptomatic ones by resection.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Endocrinology
  • Neurosurgery

Context:

  • Rathke's cleft cysts (RCC) are frequent benign cystic lesions in the sellar region.
  • Most RCCs are small, intrasellar, and asymptomatic.
  • Larger cysts can compress adjacent structures, potentially causing symptoms.

Purpose:

  • To describe the diagnostic features of Rathke's cleft cysts.
  • To outline management strategies for both asymptomatic and symptomatic RCCs.

Summary:

  • Diagnosis of RCC is strongly suggested by MRI findings: a midline, non-enhancing lesion between the pituitary gland's anterior and posterior lobes.
  • The cyst's signal intensity on MRI can vary based on protein concentration but should be homogeneous without fluid-fluid levels.
  • Asymptomatic incidental RCCs typically require routine MR and clinical follow-up.

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  • Symptomatic RCCs, though rare, necessitate neurosurgical resection.

    • Impact:

    • Provides clear diagnostic criteria for Rathke's cleft cysts using MRI.
    • Differentiates management approaches based on cyst symptomatology.
    • Highlights the importance of neuroimaging in evaluating sellar lesions.