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Eosinophils as host cells for HIV-1.

B Conway1, P Baskar, L J Bechtel

  • 1Infectious Diseases Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.

Archives of Virology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophils can be infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), showing viral antigen expression. HIV-1 DNA was detected in some individuals, suggesting eosinophils may serve as host cells for the virus.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • The Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) primarily infects CD4+ T cells.
  • The role of other immune cells, such as eosinophils, in HIV-1 infection is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the susceptibility of eosinophils to HIV-1 infection.
  • To determine if eosinophils can act as host cells for HIV-1.

Main Methods:

  • Eosinophils were acutely infected with the HTLV-IIIB strain of HIV-1.
  • Transient expression of HIV-1 p24 antigen was assessed.
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect HIV-1 sequences in eosinophils from seropositive individuals.

Main Results:

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  • Transient expression of HIV-1 p24 antigen was observed in acutely infected eosinophils.
  • HIV-1 sequences were detected in eosinophils from 2 out of 18 individuals with HIV-1 infection.

    • Conclusions:

    • Eosinophils can be transiently infected by HIV-1.
    • These findings suggest that eosinophils may serve as host cells for HIV-1, warranting further investigation into their role in HIV pathogenesis.