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Updated: Aug 30, 2026

Application of Granger Causality Analysis of the Directed Functional Connection in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: August 7, 2017
Differential involvement of 5-HT(1B/1D) and 5-HT6 receptors in cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's
M Garcia-Alloza1, W D Hirst, C P L-H Chen
1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Abstract:
Growing evidence suggests that a compromised serotonergic system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed the expression of 5-HT(1B/1D) and 5-HT(6) receptors and cholinacetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in post-mortem frontal and temporal cortex from AD patients who had been prospectively assessed for cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and behavioral changes using the Present Behavioral Examination (PBE). 5-HT(1B/1D) and 5-HT(6) receptor densities were significantly reduced in both cortical areas. 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor density was correlated to MMSE decline in the frontal cortex, supporting its implication in memory impairment. The best predictor for lowered 5-HT(6) receptor density in the temporal cortex was the PBE measure of overactivity. The 5-HT(6)/ChAT ratio was related to aggression both in the frontal and temporal cortex. Therefore, antagonists acting at 5-HT(6) receptors could be useful in the treatment of non-cognitive symptoms associated to AD.
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