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Related Experiment Videos

Sheathless electrospray from polymer microchips.

Malin Svedberg1, Andreas Pettersson, Stefan Nilsson

  • 1The Angstrom Laboratory, Department of Materials Science, Uppsala University, PO Box 534, 751 21 Uppsala, Sweden.

Analytical Chemistry
|October 24, 2003
PubMed
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Researchers developed novel sheathless electrospray emitters from polymer microchips. These emitters, featuring conductive coatings, offer stable operation and low detection limits for analyzing biological species.

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Mass Spectrometry

Background:

  • Traditional electrospray ionization (ESI) often requires a sheath liquid, complicating instrumentation.
  • Developing sheathless emitters is crucial for miniaturization and simplified analytical systems.
  • Polymer microchips offer potential for low-cost, mass-producible ESI sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel sheathless electrospray emitter tips fabricated from polymer microchips.
  • To evaluate the performance of different conducting coatings and tip geometries for stable electrospray generation.
  • To assess the suitability of these emitters for sensitive analysis of biological molecules.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of polymer microchips (polycarbonate, PMMA) with integrated emitter tips using injection molding.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Application of various conducting coatings (gold nanoparticles, graphite particles, sputtered gold) to the emitter tips.
  • Evaluation of electrospray stability and performance using a sheathless electrospray time-of-flight mass spectrometer.
  • Assessment of coating durability via electrochemical experiments under simulated electrospray conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Stable sheathless electrospray was achieved from polymer microchip tips coated with polymer-embedded gold or graphite particles.
    • Hand-polished and machine-milled 3D tips demonstrated stable performance.
    • Sputtered gold coatings exhibited poor adhesion and instability.
    • Electrochemical tests confirmed the durability of the effective coatings.
    • Relative standard deviations for MS ion current response were 3.5-12%.
    • A detection limit below 0.5 fmol was achieved for neuropeptides.

    Conclusions:

    • Polymer microchip-based sheathless electrospray emitters with appropriate conductive coatings provide a stable and sensitive platform.
    • The developed emitters are highly suitable for the analysis of low-abundance biological species due to their low detection limits.
    • This technology offers a promising avenue for miniaturized and cost-effective mass spectrometry systems.