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The detection of simulated malingering using a computerized priming test.

H P Davis1, J H King, K J Klebe

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 80933-7150, USA

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists
|January 1, 1997
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that a word completion priming test can effectively detect malingering (faking memory deficits). The test accurately identified both genuine participants and those faking impairment.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Forensic Psychology

Background:

  • Malingering, the intentional simulation of a disorder for external gain, poses challenges in clinical and forensic settings.
  • Accurate detection of malingering is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and legal proceedings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of a word completion priming test in differentiating between genuine cognitive performance and simulated memory deficits.
  • To assess the accuracy of this priming test in identifying individuals instructed to malinger memory impairment.

Main Methods:

  • A word completion priming task was administered to two groups of students: a control group (n=60) instructed to perform optimally and a malingering group (n=60) instructed to feign memory deficits.
  • Participants completed word stems with multiple possible completions initially, followed by a delayed completion task with uniquely defined or variation-based stems.

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  • Response latencies and priming scores were analyzed to identify differences between groups.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant differences were observed in response latencies and priming scores between the control and malingering groups.
    • Discriminant function analysis achieved high accuracy rates: 92% for controls and 73% for malingerers.
    • Priming test performance reliably distinguished between genuine and simulated memory deficits.

    Conclusions:

    • Word completion priming tests offer a promising, objective method for detecting malingering of memory deficits.
    • These findings support the utility of priming paradigms in forensic and clinical assessments of feigned cognitive impairment.