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Diagnostic efficiency and material specificity of the Warrington Recognition Memory Test: a collaborative multisite

J J Sweet¹, G J Demakis, J H Ricker

¹Evanston Hospital and Northwestern University Medical School, Evanston, IL 60201, USA.

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology : the Official Journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists

|November 1, 2003

Summary

The Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT) discrepancy index shows limited accuracy in classifying brain damage. Unexpectedly, patients with higher word scores performed better on memory tests, challenging previous assumptions.

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Published on: November 14, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuropsychology
Cognitive Psychology
Neurology

Background:

The Warrington Recognition Memory Test (RMT) discrepancy index (Words-Faces) is used to assess memory performance.
Its utility in classifying patients with different types of brain damage requires further validation.
Previous research has not fully explored its relationship with other memory assessment tools.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the accuracy of the RMT discrepancy index (Words-Faces) in classifying left, right, and diffuse brain damage.
To investigate the relationship between the RMT discrepancy score and performance on the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R).

Main Methods:

Two studies were conducted with large, heterogeneous patient samples (N=504 and N=263).
Study 1 used established cutoffs to classify brain damage based on RMT Words-Faces discrepancy scores.
Study 2 examined correlations between RMT discrepancy scores and WMS-R Logical Memory and Visual Reproduction subtests.

Main Results:

Study 1 revealed low sensitivity for classifying left (10%) and right (48%) hemisphere damage, with moderate specificity.
Sensitivity for diffuse brain damage was 69%, but specificity was low (38%).
Contrary to predictions, patients with a Words > Faces discrepancy performed better on WMS-R subtests; Faces > Words was unrelated to Visual Reproduction.

Conclusions:

The RMT Words-Faces discrepancy index has limited clinical utility for accurately classifying specific types of brain damage.
The observed relationships between RMT scores and WMS-R performance were unexpected and warrant further investigation.
Caution is advised when interpreting the RMT discrepancy index in clinical practice.