[Antibacterial effect of nitric oxide].

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Pharmacology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections pose a significant global health threat.
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a primary cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide.
• Nitric oxide (NO) is known for its diverse biological functions, including antimicrobial properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of a nitric oxide (NO) donor, DETA-NO, against clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other common bacterial pathogens.
• To determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of DETA-NO for various bacterial species.

Main Methods:

• The study utilized the broth microdilution method to determine MICs.
• Antibacterial activity was tested against 4 strains of MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis and clinical isolates of Klebsiella, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas, and Proteus.
• DETA-NO ((Z)-1-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-ammonioethyl)amino]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate) was employed as the NO donor.

Main Results:

• DETA-NO exhibited significant antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms.
• The MIC for MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains was 0.25 mg/ml.
• MICs were 1 mg/ml for Staphylococcus strains and approximately 2 mg/ml for other tested bacterial species.
• NO demonstrated greater efficacy against MDR Mycobacterium tuberculosis compared to other bacterial species.

Conclusions:

• Nitric oxide, delivered through the NO donor DETA-NO, shows promising antibacterial activity, particularly against multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
• The findings suggest that NO-based therapies warrant further investigation for treating MDR M. tuberculosis infections.
• Additional research is necessary to explore the clinical utility of DETA-NO in patients with MDR M. tuberculosis.