[Surgery in children and adolescents]

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Nursing
• Surgical Care
• Health Assessment

Context:

• The pre-operative phase is a critical component of the surgical process for children and adolescents.
• This phase begins when surgery is necessary and ends upon transfer to the operating room.
• Standardized nursing care models are essential for optimizing patient outcomes.

Purpose:

• To present a standardized model for nursing care during the pre-operative phase for pediatric patients.
• To systematically evaluate pediatric patients using Gordon Functional Health Patterns.
• To identify key nursing diagnoses and interventions for this vulnerable population.

Summary:

• The model employs Gordon Functional Health Patterns for a holistic patient evaluation.
• It emphasizes specific health patterns including perception-management, nutritional-metabolic, and self-perception.
• Common pre-operative nursing diagnoses such as fear/anxiety, risk of aspiration, and risk of infection are addressed.
• Cultural factors influencing care are highlighted for individualized approaches.
• Nursing interventions are detailed for selected NANDA diagnoses.

Impact:

• Provides a structured framework for pediatric pre-operative nursing care.
• Enhances the quality of care through holistic assessment and individualized interventions.
• Aims to reduce patient anxiety and improve surgical preparation in children and adolescents.