Vaginal calculus as a late complication of bladder exstrophy

Area of Science:

• Urology
• Gynecology
• Pediatric Surgery

Background:

• Bladder exstrophy is a complex congenital anomaly requiring specialized management.
• Urinary tract complications, including urolithiasis, are common in patients with bladder exstrophy.
• Vaginal anomalies can occur in conjunction with bladder exstrophy, though vaginal calculi are exceptionally rare.

Observation:

• A 14-year-old female with a history of bladder exstrophy presented with an unusual finding.
• A significant vaginal calculus was identified during clinical evaluation.
• The calculus was successfully removed via cystotomy and introitoplasty.

Findings:

• This report details the first documented case of a vaginal calculus in a patient with bladder exstrophy.
• The calculus measured [Insert size if available] and was composed of [Insert composition if available].
• Surgical intervention successfully resolved the condition.

Implications:

• Vaginal calculi should be considered in the differential diagnosis of urolithiasis in patients with bladder exstrophy.
• This case underscores the need for comprehensive evaluation in patients with complex congenital anomalies.
• Further research may elucidate the specific risk factors and pathogenesis of vaginal calculi in this population.